Abstract: A family of new integral equations (NIE) is proposed in this paper, which are transformed from the original Lippmann-Schwinger integral equation. It can be shown that the NIE can effectively ...

Mathematicians finally understand the behavior of an important class of differential equations that describe everything from water pressure to oxygen levels in human tissues.

py-pde is a Python package for solving partial differential equations (PDEs). The package provides classes for grids on which scalar and tensor fields can be defined. The associated differential ...

Abstract: During the past two decades, many evolutionary algorithms have been proposed to solve nonlinear equation systems (NESs). However, the benchmark test sets have not received enough attention.