Provided content. One ball on a Plinko board is unpredictable. Drop a thousand and they form a near-perfect bell curve—one of math’s most powerful ideas for 150+ years.

In medieval Denmark, death could double as a display of status. The closer your grave lay to a church wall or inside a ...

Risk prediction has been used in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease for >3 decades. Contemporary cardiovascular risk assessment relies on multivariable models, which integrate ...

At the core, information is only truly transmitted when the person receiving the intelligence enjoys a change in posterior ...

The stochastic nature of renewable energy sources (RESs) necessitates treating power system frequency response as a random process with a nonstationary probability density function (PDF). Based upon ...

Bitcoin BTC $67,069.49 and silver are sending sharply different signals to markets as the year closes, with volatility data showing traders actively repricing one asset while leaving the other stuck ...

One of the key difficulties of analyzing highly kinetic enterprises like IonQ Inc (NYSE: IONQ) is that their valuations incur reflexivity. A concept popularized by George Soros, reflexivity is a ...

With Advanced Micro Devices Inc. (NASDAQ: AMD) gaining about 119% year-to-date through late October, it was perhaps inevitable that concerns about sustainability rose to the forefront. In particular, ...

Life is uncertain. None of us know what is going to happen. We know little of what has happened in the past or is happening now outside our immediate experience. Uncertainty has been called the ...