Surface geochemical surveys are often dismissed due to the idea that intervening stratigraphy may block or prevent upwardly moving hydrocarbons from passing through them. Many of the published analogs ...

A mature colony of the red harvester ant, a seed-eating desert species, consists of a single queen and 10,000–12,000 workers. We focused on two task groups: foragers, who collect food; and patrollers, ...

Over millennia, mighty geological processes in the earth’s crust heated and compressed together pieces of life-forms that had been dead for a while. Eventually, this mulch of organic matter ...