Ecosystem structure and function are seldom represented in ecological indicators used for resource management and conservation, despite their central position in stated objectives of international ...

Freshwater ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, ponds, and wetlands, play a critical role in sustaining biodiversity, regulating biogeochemical cycles, and ...

Urban ecosystem health is the foundation of sustainable urban development. It is important to know the health status of urban ecosystem and its influencing factors for formulating scientific urban ...

Ecosystems on Earth's land surface support multiple functions and services that are critical for society, like biomass production, vegetation's efficiency of using sunlight and water, water retention ...

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Dying coral reefs, rainforests transforming into savannas, grasslands turning into deserts – these are ecosystem “tipping points”, boundary lines we’re desperate not to cross. In dynamic systems ...

Across the world, rainforests are becoming savanna or farmland, savanna is drying out and turning into desert, and icy tundra is thawing. Indeed, scientific studies have now recorded “regime shifts” ...