The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the gateway to the secretory pathway in all eukaryotic cells. Its products subsequently pass through the Golgi apparatus on the way to the cell surface (true ...

Endocytosed Shiga toxin is transported from the Golgi complex to the endoplasmic reticulum in butyric acid-treated A431 cells. We here examine the extent of this retrograde transport and its ...

Cells have extensive sets of intracellular membranes, which together compose the endomembrane system. The endomembrane system was first discovered in the late 1800s when scientist Camillo Golgi ...

New perspectives have been reached on the function of the Golgi apparatus. Scientists explain a basic difference between plant and animal cells. Cell biologists at the University of Heidelberg have ...

Mutations in the presynaptic protein α-synuclein, or even just overexpression, can cause Parkinson disease (PD) by killing off midbrain dopaminergic neurons. Despite evidence that the deadly effects ...

Nearly all the molecules that are expressed in mammalian cells reach their correct intracellular locations by virtue of sophisticated transport-and-delivery systems. Central among these is the ...

A study entitled "IER3IP1-mutations cause microcephaly by selective inhibition of ER-Golgi transport", now published in the open access journal "Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences", provides new ...

Scientists at Whitehead Institute, in collaboration with colleagues at several research centers, have identified a key biological pathway that, when obstructed, causes Parkinson's symptoms. Even more ...

Future Neurology. 2012;7(2):145-153. Taken together, the present studies do not support a direct biochemical interaction between α-syn and LRRK2, or direct phosphorylation of α-syn by LRRK2, which ...

In the United States, prostate cancer (PCa) is the second-leading cause of cancer death in men. Multiple observations indicate the link between prostate carcinogenesis, stress of endoplasmic reticulum ...

CAMBRIDGE, Mass. -- Statistics for neurological disorders are grim. More than a million Americans suffer from Parkinson's disease alone--a number that is expected to soar over the next few decades as ...